Will Uniform Civil Code define the narrative for 2024 elections?

The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a long-debated topic in India, prominently featured in the BJP's manifesto since 1996. The draft is awaited, raising questions about its impact on women's empowerment and minority rights. The proposal of a unified set of laws for personal matters across religions has sparked diverse public reactions, prompting discussions on its feasibility in India's diverse cultural landscape. The key question remains whether the UCC can effectively address the unique issues of different communities

As the year 2023 concludes and we enter into an interesting year that will be full of political energy and fervor, we explore if UCC will make for an important agenda. Debates surround the potential impact of UCC in India, with various perspectives on the matter. Concerns have been raised about potential infringement on minority rights, and Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin suggested that a uniform nation does not necessarily guarantee unity, expressing fears that the UCC might erode tolerance. The Constitution includes the UCC in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) rather than the Fundamental Rights due to unresolved constitutional challenges. Article 44 of the DPSP states that the state should strive to secure a uniform civil code. However, critics argue that enforcing it may violate Fundamental Rights, such as freedom of religion (Article 25) and the right to maintain a distinct culture (Article 29).

Uttarakhand is poised to become the first state to implement the UCC, supported by committee members like Justice (retired) Ranjana Desai, who believe it will strengthen social fabric, promote gender equality, and address inequalities. Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Assam are estimated as potential next states to implement the UCC before the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, with Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar calling for its implementation, citing Article 44 of the Constitution.

Dhruv Research conducted a survey to take a peek into the opinion of Indians regarding the awareness and implementation of the UCC. The results revealed 80.9% of respondents were aware of the Uniform Civil Code, indicating a widespread resonance across the Indian populace.

Uniform Civil Code Awareness in India

Source: Online Survey of 600+ Indians in Sep 2023

When questioned about the significance of implementing a Uniform Civil Code in India, 82.7% of respondents affirmed its importance while 12.5% expressed disagreement.

Perceived importance of UCC in India

Source: Online Survey of 600+ Indians in Sep 2023

At the forefront of respondents' minds was the idea of promoting national unity. A substantial 31.7% believed that a UCC could serve as a catalyst, weaving the various cultural threads of India into a singular, harmonious tapestry. In a country that thrives on its unity in diversity, this vision holds immense promise. For 22.0% of our respondents, UCC represented a streamlined legal system, simplifying procedures.

The perceived benefits of the Uniform Civil Code (UCC)

Source: Online Survey of 600+ Indians in Sep 2023

India's strength lies in its diversity, but it also poses challenges in achieving legal uniformity. Balancing the rich tapestry of cultures, traditions, and religions with the need for a standardized legal framework is a delicate task. Advocates for the UCC emphasize the need for a unified legal system, promoting equality and justice for all, irrespective of religious background. Critics argue that the Uniform Civil Code may violate religious freedom, question its necessity due to existing secular laws, and express concerns about imposing a 'Hinduised' code on all communities.

While the survey results depict a nation aware of the Uniform Civil Code and largely in favor of its implementation, the dissenting voices and uncertainties underscore the complexity of this issue. As India navigates these waters, it’s imperative to embrace inclusivity, respecting diverse perspectives while striving for a legal framework that ensures justice, equality, and unity for all its citizens.

Gender equality emerged as a pivotal concern, with 21.2% acknowledging the UCC's potential to ensure parity between genders. In a society where the battle for gender equality continues, the UCC stands as a potential tool, breaking down traditional barriers and empowering every voice, regardless of gender. Secularism, a cornerstone of India's constitution, found its place in the hearts of 16.5% of respondents.The UCC symbolizes India's commitment to secular values, fostering inclusivity for all religions. Survey results reflect hope for a united India with legal simplicity, gender equality, and secular ideals. Despite optimism, questions persist, urging careful navigation and holistic understanding through education and debates. Implementing the UCC faces challenges due to India's diversity, with potential resistance and social tensions over perceived threats to religious freedom.

While there are contentions and anticipation surrounding a potential announcement in January 2024, the BJP is testing the waters and may choose not to announce it ahead of the Lok Sabha elections in 2024. Do you think that this will make for an important agenda? For more insights follow us.